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Southern Quechua ((スペイン語:quechua sureño)), or simply Quechua, is the most widely spoken of the major regional groupings of mutually intelligible dialects within the Quechua language family, with about 6.9 million speakers. It is also the most widely spoken indigenous language in the entire New World. The term ''Southern Quechua'' refers to the forms of Quechua spoken in regions of the Andes south of a line roughly east-west between the cities of Huancayo and Huancavelica in central Peru. It includes the Quechua varieties spoken in the regions of Ayacucho, Cuzco and Puno in Peru, in much of Bolivia and parts of north-west Argentina. The most widely spoken varieties are South Bolivian, Cuzco, Ayacucho, and Puno (Collao). In the traditional classification of the Quechua language family by Alfredo Torero, Southern Quechua is equivalent to Torero's 'Quechua IIc' (or just 'QIIc'). It thus stands in contrast to its many sister varieties within the wider Quechua family that are spoken in areas north of the Huancayo-Huancavelica line: Central Quechua (Torero's QI) spoken from Huancayo northwards to Ancash; North Peruvian Quechua around Cajamarca and Incahuasi (Torero's IIa); and Ecuador Quechua (locally known as 'Quichua', part of Torero's Quechua IIb). ==Dialects== Dialects are Ayacucho Quechua, Cuzco Quechua, Puno Quechua (Callao Quechua), North Bolivian Quechua (Apolo Quechua), and South Bolivian Quechua. Santiagueño Quechua in Argentina is divergent, and appears to derive from a mix of dialects, including South Bolivian.〔Adelaar (2004)〕 The most salient distinction between Ayacucho Quechua and the others is that it lacks the aspirated (tʃʰ, pʰ, tʰ, kʰ, qʰ) and ejective (tʃʼ, pʼ, tʼ, kʼ, qʼ) series of plosives. The other varieties of Bolivia and Southern Peru taken together have been called ''Cusco–Collao (Qusqu–Qullaw)''; however, they are not monolithic. For instance, Bolivian Quechua is morphologically distinct from Cuzco and Ayacucho Quechua, while North Bolivian is phonologically quite conservative compared to both South Bolivian and Cuzco, so that there is no bifurcation between Ayacucho and Cusco–Collao. Santiagueño also lacks the aspirated and ejective series, but that was a distinct development in Argentina. It also maintains remnants of the Quechua ''s–š'' distinction, which has otherwise been lost from Southern Quechua, suggesting that there are elements of other varieties of Quechua in its background. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Southern Quechua」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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